TY - JOUR T1 - A Well-Conditioned Hierarchical Basis for Triangular H(curl)-Conforming Elements JO - Communications in Computational Physics VL - 3 SP - 780 EP - 806 PY - 2011 DA - 2011/03 SN - 9 DO - http://doi.org/10.4208/cicp.220310.030610s UR - https://global-sci.org/intro/article_detail/cicp/7521.html KW - AB -

We construct a well-conditioned hierarchical basis for triangular H(curl)- conforming elements with selected orthogonality. The basis functions are grouped into edge and interior functions, and the later is further grouped into normal and bubble functions. In our construction, the trace of the edge shape functions are orthonormal on the associated edge. The interior normal functions, which are perpendicular to an edge, and the bubble functions are both orthonormal among themselves over the reference element. The construction is made possible with classic orthogonal polynomials, viz., Legendre and Jacobi polynomials. For both the mass matrix and the quasi-stiffness matrix, better conditioning of the new basis is shown by a comparison with the basis previously proposed by Ainsworth and Coyle [Comput. Methods. Appl. Mech. Engrg., 190 (2001), 6709-6733].